![]() ![]() Acute and chronic insomnia have different underlying causes and may require different treatments.Īcute insomnia (AI) is a brief episode of difficulty sleeping, which may last from several nights up to 3 months. Depending on its duration, insomnia can be classified into acute or chronic. According to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, fifth edition (DSM-5), insomnia is defined as dissatisfaction with the quality or quantity of sleep which can include difficulty falling asleep, difficulty maintaining sleep (with frequent awakenings or problems returning to sleep after awakening) and/or waking up early and being unable to get back to sleep and the resultant daytime impairments ( Edition et al., 2013). In terms of quality and quantity, sleep is affected by various sleep disturbances of which insomnia is one of the most common. Reduced or disturbed sleep is increasingly recognised as presenting a significant health risk, and has been associated with increases in a diverse range of health-related problems and reduced quality of life ( Wickwire et al., 2019). The new model is a powerful addition to our suite of machine learning models aiming to pre-screen insomnia at home with wearable devices. This may be associated with the adaptation of the physiology to prolonged periods of disturbed sleep for individuals with chronic insomnia. The differences between acute insomnia and healthy sleep were more prominent than between chronic insomnia and healthy sleep. ![]() The algorithms were then used to evaluate the acute and chronic groups compared to healthy sleepers. The best performing model was able to distinguish acute from chronic insomnia with an accuracy of 81%. The features were then submitted to four machine learning algorithms. Sleep parameters were also extracted from the signals. Statistical, power spectrum, fractal and entropy analyses were used to derive features from the actigraphy data. This required data pre-processing and transformations to smooth the differences between devices. Two different wrist-worn actigraphy devices were used to measure physical activities. They are investigated with multi-night nocturnal actigraphy data from two sleep studies. 5Turner Institute for Brain and Mental Health, School of Psychological Sciences, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, AustraliaĪcute and chronic insomnia have different causes and may require different treatments.4Department of Psychology, Northumbria University, Newcastle Upon Tyne, United Kingdom.3Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico.2Centro de Ciencias de la Complejidad (C3) and Instituto de Ciencias Nucleares, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, CDMX, Mexico.1School of Information Technology, Deakin University, Geelong, VIC, Australia. ![]()
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